{"id":1318,"date":"2019-10-25T16:13:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-25T20:13:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.pirg-test.com\/edfund\/resources\/chain-reaction-v-2\/"},"modified":"2022-08-06T07:31:03","modified_gmt":"2022-08-06T11:31:03","slug":"chain-reaction-v-2","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/dev.pirg-test.com\/edfund\/resources\/chain-reaction-v-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Chain Reaction V"},"featured_media":12544,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":false,"_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":""},"campaign_tax":[147],"display_option":[],"issue_tax":[],"resource_type":[64],"region_tax":[],"state":[5,7,8,9,12,13,16,18,23,24,25,28,2,32,33,34,36,38,40,41,42,46,50,52],"topic_tax":[119,118],"class_list":["post-1318","resource","type-resource","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"details":{"helper_taxonomies":{"topics":[119,118],"collection":false,"press_type":false,"person_type":false,"resource_type":64,"event_type":false,"campaigns":147,"department":false,"level":false,"states":[2,5,7,8,9,12,13,16,18,23,24,25,28,32,33,34,36,38,40,41,42,46,50,52],"act_option":false,"display_option":false,"primary":{"topic":119}},"subtitle":"How Top Restaurants Rate on Reducing Antibiotic Use in Their Beef Supplies","excerpt":"","featured_image":12544,"caption_override":"michaelform via Pixabay and Mike Mozart via Flickr, CC BY 2.0","updated_on":null,"sidebar_action":null,"related_event":null,"hide_hero_image":false,"location":"","external_link":{"publication_name":"","url":""},"file":null,"sidebar_action_query_string":""},"helper_people_group":{"title":"Authors","entities":null},"helper_downloads":{"title":"Downloads","files":null},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><h2>How Top Restaurants Rate on Reducing Antibiotic Use in Their Beef Supplies<br><\/h2>\n<h6>A report by Consumer Reports, Natural Resources Defense Council, The Antibiotic Resistance Action Center, Center for Food Safety, Food Animal Concerns Trust, and U.S.\u00a0PIRG Education Fund<\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-uspirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/matthew-wellington\">Matthew Wellington<\/a>\u00a0U.S. PIRG Education Fund<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-calpirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/emily-rusch\">Emily Rusch<\/a>\u00a0CALPIRG Education Fund<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-marylandpirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/matthew-wellington\">Matthew Wellington<\/a>\u00a0Maryland PIRG Foundation<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-illinoispirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/abe-scarr\">Abe Scarr<\/a>\u00a0Illinois PIRG Education Fund<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-masspirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"https:\/\/masspirgedfund.org\/staff\/maf\/deirdre-cummings-0\">Deirdre Cummings<\/a>\u00a0MASSPIRG Education Fund<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-nmpirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/curtis-morris\">Curtis Morris<\/a>\u00a0NMPIRG Education Fund<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-ospirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/orp\/charlie-fisher\">Charlie Fisher<\/a>\u00a0OSPIRG Foundation<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-texpirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/curtis-morris\">Curtis Morris<\/a>\u00a0TexPIRG Education Fund<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-washpirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/curtis-morris\">Curtis Morris<\/a>\u00a0WashPIRG Foundation<\/em><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"domain-switch domain-wispirg\"><em><a title=\"Contact Me\" href=\"\/staff\/usp\/peter-skopec\">Peter Skopec<\/a>\u00a0WISPIRG Foundation<\/em><\/h6>\n<p><a href=\"\/sites\/pirg\/files\/reports\/Chain-Reaction-5\/ChainReaction5beefReport_12sm.pdf\" class=\"\" style=\"\" target=\"\" title=\"Click To Download\">DOWNLOAD THE REPORT<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"lead\">The Chain Reaction V report and scorecard ranks America\u2019s top restaurant chains on their policies relating to antibiotic use in their beef supply chains. The overuse of antibiotics on industrial farms contributes to antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which can cause life-threatening infections in people. We need our life-saving medicines to work, and because fast food companies are some of the largest buyers of meat, they are uniquely positioned to address this public health crisis.<\/p><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <script>\njQuery(window).scroll(function(){\n    jQuery(\"#badge\").css(\"opacity\", 1 - jQuery(window).scrollTop() \/ 250);\n  });\n<\/script><style>\n.domain-switch {display:none;}\n.domain-uspirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-uspirgedfund-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-calpirg-org .domain-calpirg {display:block;}\n.domain-marylandpirg-org .domain-marylandpirg {display:block;}\n.domain-illinoispirg-org .domain-illinoispirg {display:block;}\n.domain-masspirg-org .domain-masspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-nmpirg-org .domain-nmpirg {display:block;}\n.domain-ospirg-org .domain-ospirg {display:block;}\n.domain-texpirg-org .domain-texpirg {display:block;}\n.domain-washpirg-org .domain-washpirg {display:block;}\n.domain-wispirg-org .domain-wispirg {display:block;}\n.domain-arizonapirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-copirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-connpirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-floraidapirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-georgiapirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-iowapirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-pirgim-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-mopirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-montpirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-ncpirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-nhpirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-njpirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-ohiopirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-pennpirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n.domain-ripirg-org .domain-uspirg {display:block;}\n\n<\/style><\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <style type=\"text\/css\">\n.customSlideshow a:hover, .customSlideshow a:focus, .customSlideshow a:active {background-color: transparent !important;}\n.panel-footer {background-color: transparent; border-top: 0px;}\n.panel-footer li a:hover; .panel-footer li a:focus {background-color: transparent;}\n.customSlideshow {margin-left: -70px; margin-right: -70px;}\n.customSlideshow .item img {margin-bottom: 20px;}\n.customSlideshow .img-wrapper {width: 100%; text-align: right;}\n.carousel-caption p {text-align: left; width: 50%; width: calc(100% - 270px); padding-top: 10px; text-shadow:none; color: #000000;}\n.item{\nbackground-image: url('https:\/\/usdev.pirg-test.com\/sites\/pirg\/files\/stripe_7016438f95c8434e807a75cd2d49ba7b.png');\npadding-right: 20px; \npadding-top: 20px;\nborder-left: 10px solid #a32035;\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 576px) {  }\n\n@media (max-width: 767px) { \n.customSlideshow {margin-left: -30px !important; margin-right: -30px !important;}\n.carousel-caption p {width: 100%;}\n.customSlideshow .img-wrapper {text-align: center;}\n }\n@media (min-width: 992px) {  }\n\n@media (min-width: 1200px) {  }\n\n<\/style><div class=\"row customSlideshow\">\n                                \n                                    <div id=\"private_label\" class=\"panelx panel-defaultx carousel slide deckSlide\" data-ride=\"carousel\" style=\"\" data-interval=\"false\">\n                                        <div class=\"panel-body\" style=\"padding: 0px;\">\n                                            <div class=\"carousel-inner\">\n                                                <ol class=\"carousel-indicators pirg-carousel-indicators\" style=\"display: none;\"><li data-target=\"#private_label\" data-slide-to=\"0\" class=\"active\">\n                                                    <\/li><li data-target=\"#private_label\" data-slide-to=\"1\">\n                                                    <\/li><li data-target=\"#private_label\" data-slide-to=\"2\">\n                                                    <\/li><li data-target=\"#private_label\" data-slide-to=\"3\">\n<\/li><li data-target=\"#private_label\" data-slide-to=\"4\">\n                                                <\/li><\/ol><div class=\"item active\">\n<div class=\"img-wrapper\">\n                                                    <img src=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/USN_Chain-Reaction-V_Slide-1-2.gif\" alt=\"1 slide\"><\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"carousel-caption darkerx redx overlay-textx\">\n                                                        \n                                                       \n                                                        <p><span class=\"lead\">Top performers Chipotle and Panera Bread earned an \"A\" and \"A-\" respectively for the 5th year in a row.<\/span><\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>\n                                                \n                                                <div class=\"item\">\n<div class=\"img-wrapper\">\n                                                    <img src=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/USN_Chain-Reaction-V_Slide-2.png\" alt=\"2 slide\"><\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"carousel-caption darkerx redx overlay-textx\">\n                                                     \n                                                        <p class=\"lead\">McDonald\u2019s earned the \u201cBiggest Moover\u201d award and a \u201cC\u201d grade for committing to reduce antibiotic use in its beef supply.<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>\n                                                <div class=\"item\">\n<div class=\"img-wrapper\">\n                                                    <img src=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/USN_Chain-Reaction-V_Slide-3.png\" alt=\"3 slide\"><\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"carousel-caption darkerx redx overlay-textx\">\n                                                        \n                                                        <p class=\"lead\">Wendy\u2019s earned the \u2018Biggest Wanna-be\u2019 award and a \u201cD+\u201d grade for taking only minor steps to reduce antibiotic use in its beef supply.<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>\n<div class=\"item\">\n<div class=\"img-wrapper\">\n                                                    <img src=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/USN_Chain-Reaction-V_Slide-4.png\" alt=\"4 slide\"><\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"carousel-caption darkerx redx overlay-textx\">\n                                                      \n                                                        <p class=\"lead\">Taco Bell earned a \u201cD\u201d grade for committing to reduce medically important antibiotic use by 25% in its beef supply chain by 2025. <\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>      \n<div class=\"item\">\n<div class=\"img-wrapper\">\n                                                    <img src=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/USN_Chain-Reaction-V_Slide-5e.gif\" alt=\"5 slide\"><\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"carousel-caption darkerx redx overlay-textx\">\n                                                      \n                                                        <p class=\"lead\">The remaining chains received an \u201cF\u201d for not establishing policies to restrict antibiotic use in their beef supply chains.<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>                                           \n                                            <\/div>\n                                        <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"panel-footer\">\n                                            <ul class=\"nav nav-pillsx nav-justified\"><li>\n                                                    <a href=\"#private_label\" data-slide=\"prev\" style=\"background-image:none;\"><span class=\"glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrevious<\/a>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                <li style=\"text-align: center;\">\n                                                   MORE REPORT HIGHLIGHTS\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                                                    <a href=\"#\"><span class=\"fa fa-envelope\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail<\/a>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                <li>\n                                                    <a href=\"#private_label\" data-slide=\"next\" style=\"background-image:none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNext<span class=\"glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right\"><\/span><\/a>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                            <\/ul><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <p>The growth and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a global health crisis, threatening to create a future in which common infections could once again become life-threatening on a large scale. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) consider antibiotic-resistant bacteria among the top threats to global public health, and the CDC estimates that each year, at least 23,000 Americans die from resistant infections.<sup><sup><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> Another estimate suggests it could be seven times as many, accounting for more than 160,000 annual deaths.<sup><sup><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>The overuse of antibiotics in livestock production significantly contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria.<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><sup><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> The more antibiotics are used, the more opportunities resistant bacteria have to multiply and spread. Approximately two-thirds of the medically-important antibiotics sold in the U.S. go to food animals.<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><sup><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><sup>,<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>,<\/sup><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\"><sup><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> Many meat producers routinely give the drugs to animals that are not sick to prevent diseases caused by factory farm production practices.<sup><sup><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[7]<\/a>\u00a0<\/sup><\/sup>Despite the threat posed to public health, the U.S. lacks effective laws and policies to prevent the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture.<\/p>\n<p>Fast food restaurants, as some of America\u2019s largest meat buyers, can play an instrumental role in pushing meat producers to use antibiotics responsibly. In fact, previous editions of <em>Chain Reaction <\/em>have documented how the nation\u2019s top restaurant chains have stepped up their commitments to source chicken from producers that raise animals without the routine use of antibiotics.<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn8\"><sup><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> These corporate actions have helped move the chicken industry toward more responsible antibiotic use practices.\u00a0A recent industry estimate shows that in 2018 more than 90 percent of U.S. broiler chickens were raised under programs that don\u2019t use medically important antibiotics as defined by the FDA, and more than half didn\u2019t use any antibiotics at all.<sup><sup><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn9\">[9]<\/a>\u00a0<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Consumers continue to want restaurants to serve meat raised without the routine use of antibiotics. For instance, in a nationally representative 2018 survey of 1,014 adults conducted by Consumer Reports, 59 percent of those polled indicated that they\u2019d be more likely to eat at a restaurant that served meat raised without antibiotics \u2014 and more than half agreed that restaurants should stop serving meat and poultry raised with antibiotics.<sup><sup><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn10\">[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Although there is massive progress in the chicken industry in response to such consumer demand, many fast food restaurants have failed to make meaningful commitments to address antibiotic overuse in their beef supply chains. This is concerning because in 2017, the beef sector accounted for 42 percent of the medically-important antibiotics sold to the meat industry \u2014 more than any other meat category.<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn11\"><sup><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> By contrast, five percent of all medically important antibiotic sales to the meat sector went to the chicken industry.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-title field-type-text field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  Fast food can have a significant impact on antibiotic use in the beef industry\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <p>This year\u2019s <em>Chain Reaction<\/em> report and scorecard therefore focuses on antibiotic use policies and practices for beef sold in the top U.S. fast food and fast casual chains. Though not our primary focus, <em>Chain Reaction<\/em> authors also surveyed and reported on progress related to antibiotic use across all meat and poultry supply chains of the nation\u2019s top fast food and fast casual restaurants.<\/p>\n<p>Burger chains especially have a crucial role to play in reducing antibiotic use. To protect public health and push the beef industry to eliminate the overuse of antibiotics, restaurants \u2014 especially burger chains \u2014 should commit to sourcing beef from producers that use antibiotics under the guidance of a licensed veterinarian, and only to treat animals diagnosed with an illness or in limited circumstances to control a verified disease outbreak. So far, however, few have done so.<\/p>\n<p><strong> Our survey showed that only two chains, <\/strong><strong>Chipotle and Panera Bread<\/strong><strong>, source beef raised without the routine use of antibiotics. <\/strong><strong>Most other chains have no established policy restricting antibiotic use in their beef supply chains.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Shortly after Chain Reaction IV was released, McDonald's announced a commitment to monitor and reduce medically important antibiotic use in its beef supply. This action by the nation's largest beef purchaser bumped McDonald\u2019s from an F to a C in this year\u2019s report and earned it the \u201cBiggest Mooover\u201d award. Wendy\u2019s, on the other hand, continues to take very small steps forward to reduce antibiotic use in its beef supply chain, which earned the company a D+ and the \u201cBiggest Wannabe\u201d award this year. Wendy\u2019s should follow McDonald\u2019s lead in committing to a comprehensive antibiotic use policy.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-image-splash field-type-image field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <img src=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/New-Scorecard_DRAFT-v1i-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-title field-type-text field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  Policymakers should act to protect public health\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <p>While restaurants and major meat producers have critical roles to play in stopping the overuse of antibiotics, the government must also act to achieve the kind of lasting, industry-wide change needed to fully protect public health.<\/p>\n<p>Policymakers should only allow beef producers to use medically-important antibiotics under the guidance of a licensed veterinarian, and to treat animals diagnosed with an illness or to control a verified disease outbreak. Policymakers should also set national goals for reduction of antibiotic use in food animals, and dramatically improve collection and disclosure of antibiotic use data. Comprehensive policy reforms will ensure that all meat producers across the U.S. meet the same responsible antibiotic use standards. These reforms are vital to preserving life-saving medicines for the future health of both animals and people.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-link-section-subhead field-type-text field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  ADDITIONAL RESOURCE\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix field-collection-view-final\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-link-headline field-type-link-field field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.tpin-test.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ChainReaction5beefReport_12sm-1.pdf\" class=\"\" style=\"\" target=\"\" title=\"\">Download the full report<\/a>\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<html><body><div class=\"field-collection-view clearfix field-collection-view-final\"> <img src=\"\/sites\/pirg\/modules\/pirg_custom\/js\/spacer.gif\" alt=\"tab\" class=\"tab-image\"><div class=\"panel-content\">\n  <div class=\"overlay\">\n\t<div class=\"field field-name-field-section-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  <div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<h5>FOOTNOTES<\/h5>\n\n<span id=\"_edn1\"><sup><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC from here on)<em>, Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States,\u00a0<\/em>2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/threat-report-2013\/pdf\/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/threat-report-2013\/pdf\/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf<\/a>.<em><\/em>\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn2\"><sup><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0Journal of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology,\u00a0<em>New Estimate of Annual Deaths Caused by Treatment Resistant Infections Highlights Gaps in Research, Stewardship, Surveillance<\/em>3 December 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idsociety.org\/es\/news--publications-new\/articles\/2018\/new-estimate-of-annual-deaths-caused-by-treatment-resistant-infections-highlights-gaps-in-research-stewardship-surveillance\/\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.idsociety.org\/es\/news--publications-new\/articles\/2018\/new-estimate-of-annual-deaths-caused-by-treatment-resistant-infections-highlights-gaps-in-research-stewardship-surveillance\/<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn3\"><sup><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0World Health Organization,\u00a0<em>World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines on Use of Medically Important<\/em>\n\n<em>Antimicrobials in Food-producing Animals,\u00a0<\/em>17January 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/aricjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13756-017-0294-9\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/aricjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13756-017-0294-9<\/a>; CDC,\u00a0<em>Antibiotic Resistance from the Farm to the Table (infographic),\u00a0<\/em>2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/foodsafety\/pdfs\/ar-infographic-508c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/foodsafety\/pdfs\/ar-infographic-508c.pdf<\/a>.<em><\/em>\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn4\"><sup><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0U.S. Food and Drug Administration (hereinafter FDA), Center for Veterinary Medicine,\u00a0<em>2016 Summary Report on Antimicrobials Sold or Distributed for Use in Food-Producing Animals<\/em>, December 2017,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/AnimalVeterinary\/NewsEvents\/CVMUpdates\/ucm588086.htm\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/AnimalVeterinary\/NewsEvents\/CVMUpdates\/ucm588086.htm<\/a>. Data on 2015 sales of antibiotics for human medicine in the United States were obtained from Eili Klein of the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy (CCDEP). Klein also provided data for years prior to 2015 in Kar, A., and Klein, E. \u201cAnimal Antibiotic Sales Finally Drop, but Much Work Remains,\u201d Natural Resources Defense Council (hereinafter NRDC), December 2017,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/experts\/avinash-kar\/animal-antibiotic-sales-finally-drop-much-work-remains\">https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/experts\/avinash-kar\/animal-antibiotic-sales-finally-drop-much-work-remains<\/a>. CDDEP also provided those figures for years preceding 2015; 2016 data are not yet available.\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn5\"><sup><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0Natural Resources Defense Council,\u00a0<em>Livestock Antibiotic Sales See Big Drop, but Remain High<\/em>, 18 December 2018,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/experts\/avinash-kar\/livestock-antibiotic-sales-drop-remain-very-high\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/experts\/avinash-kar\/livestock-antibiotic-sales-drop-remain-very-high<\/a>.\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn6\"><sup><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u201cMedically-important antibiotics\u201d or \u201cantibiotics important to human medicine\u201d refers to antibiotics that are the same as, or similar to, classes of drugs used in human medicine. For example, the antibiotic tylosin, used in livestock, is a member of the medically-important macrolide class of antibiotics. Throughout this report, we will use the term \u201cantibiotics\u201d and \u201cmedically-important\u201d antibiotics interchangeably, unless otherwise noted.\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn7\"><sup><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0Timothy F. Landers et al. \u201cA Review of Antibiotic Use in Food Animals: Perspective, Policy, and Potential,\u201d\u00a0<em>U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health<\/em>\u00a0,127(1): 4\u201322, Jan-Feb 2012,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3234384\/\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3234384\/<\/a>; \u201cprevent disease caused by factory farm production practices\u201d refers to routine antibiotic use ostensibly to prevent disease in healthy animals, rather than safer, non-antibiotic animal management alternatives.\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n<span id=\"_edn8\"><sup><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0Antibiotics Off the Menu,\u00a0<em>Scorecards<\/em>, accessed at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.antibioticsoffthemenu.org\/score-cards\/\">https:\/\/www.antibioticsoffthemenu.org\/score-cards\/<\/a>, 30 September 2018; Here and throughout, \u201cmeat raised without the routine use of antibiotics\u201d refers both to meat raised entirely without antibiotics and meat raised without routine uses of antibiotics on animals that are not sick. Report authors support the use of antibiotics to treat sick animals.\u00a0\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn9\"><sup><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0The Poultry Site,\u00a0<em>More than half of US broilers raised without antibiotics in 2018<\/em>, 8 May 2019.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thepoultrysite.com\/news\/2019\/05\/more-than-half-of-us-broilers-raised-without-antibiotics-in-2018\">https:\/\/thepoultrysite.com\/news\/2019\/05\/more-than-half-of-us-broilers-raised-without-antibiotics-in-2018<\/a>.\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn10\"><sup><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0 Consumer Reports,\u00a0<em>Natural and Antibiotics Labels Survey Report<\/em>, 1 May 2018.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/consumersunion.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/2018-Natural-and-Antibiotics-Labels-Survey-Public-Report.pdf\">https:\/\/consumersunion.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/2018-Natural-and-Antibiotics-Labels-Survey-Public-Report.pdf<\/a>.\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.008px;\">\n\n<span id=\"_edn11\"><sup><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0FDA, Center for Veterinary Medicine,\u00a0<em>2016 Summary Report on Antimicrobials Sold or Distributed for Use in Food-Producing Animals<\/em>, December 2017,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/AnimalVeterinary\/NewsEvents\/CVMUpdates\/ucm588086.htm\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/AnimalVeterinary\/NewsEvents\/CVMUpdates\/ucm588086.htm<\/a>.\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-collection-container clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-field-find-out-more-link field-type-field-collection field-label-hidden\">\n\n  \n  \n<\/div>\n<\/div>  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